Welcome to our Lab category, a haven for scientific exploration and experimentation. Step into the world of hands-on discovery where theory meets practice. Unleash your curiosity as we delve into laboratory techniques, equipment, safety protocols, and experimental procedures. From conducting chemical analyses to synthesizing compounds, this category provides valuable insights and resources to enhance your laboratory skills. Immerse yourself in the exciting realm of scientific investigation and unlock the wonders of the lab today.
What is drying of liquids? The processes of synthesis and isolation of organic compounds generally require the availability of a solution of these compound in an organic solvent. For example, in the case of extractions with aqueous solutions of an organic layer, part of the water is transferred to the organic solution due to the … Read more
What is laboratory safety? The work in the organic chemistry laboratory involves a series of risks inherent to its nature due, on the one hand, to the chemical products and solvents that are handled, and on the other hand, as a consequence of the techniques used in the development of the experiments. Although laboratory practices … Read more
What is incompatibility of chemicals? Many chemical products, in addition to presenting risks by themselves, can give rise to dangerous reactions when in contact with other products. Thus, they can undergo an uncontrolled chemical reaction that can lead to: Emission of toxic gases. Emission of corrosive or flammable gases. Formation of corrosive liquids. Explosive reactions. … Read more
What is fastening and anchoring? To work safely in a laboratory of Organic Chemistry, it is essential that any type of container or assembly and its components are properly assembled and fixed on a support to prevent accidents. The most common devices that are used for this purpose in a laboratory are described below. Ring … Read more
How is the melting point of a solid measured? The melting point (m.p.) of a substance is the temperature at which that solid changes to a liquid state (melts). This physical property is easy to measure, is characteristic of a specific substance and serves as an index of purity. The m.p. is hardly affected by … Read more
What is a rotary evaporator? A common basic operation in the organic chemistry laboratory is the removal of a volatile organic solvent from a reaction mixture or a process such as liquid-liquid extraction. Although this operation could, in principle, be performed by simple distillation, the fastest and most convenient method is the use of a … Read more
What is Column chromatography (CC)? Column chromatography (CC) is a method frequently used for the purification of substances and the separation of mixtures or on a preparative scale. It uses as its main device, a chromatography column. The column is packed with an adsorbent that acts as a stationary phase, usually silica gel or alumina. … Read more
What is steam distillation? The vapor distillation is a technique applied in the separation of a substance from a mixture. It takes advantage of the low boiling point property of immiscible mixtures. It is particularly suitable for separating temperature-sensitive organic molecules from a non-volatile contaminant in water-immiscible substances. It has the disadvantage of having very … Read more
What is reflux? The vast majority of chemical reactions take place in solution. The vast majority of organic solvents are volatile (VOC) and many are flammable, so if a reaction is warmed in an open vessel, the solvent evaporates shortly thereafter, making contact with the heat source and causing a consequent danger of fire. To … Read more
The following is a description of the most commonly used laboratory techniques (heating and cooling) to carry out chemical reactions under different conditions. Temperature measurement (thermometers) In many laboratory processes, temperature measurement is required, e.g. in both hot and cold reactions. There are different types of thermometers adapted to each need and with different ranges … Read more
