Welcome to our Lab category, a haven for scientific exploration and experimentation. Step into the world of hands-on discovery where theory meets practice. Unleash your curiosity as we delve into laboratory techniques, equipment, safety protocols, and experimental procedures. From conducting chemical analyses to synthesizing compounds, this category provides valuable insights and resources to enhance your laboratory skills. Immerse yourself in the exciting realm of scientific investigation and unlock the wonders of the lab today.
Objective The purpose of this experiment is to obtain an alcohol and carboxylic acid in one step using the Cannizzaro reaction on benzaldehyde (autooxidation-reduction reaction or dismutation of an aromatic aldehyde). Background Addition of dilute bases to aldehydes or ketones leads to the formation of β-hydroxy aldehydes or β-hydroxyketones by aldol condensation. When the aldehyde or … Read more
For some reactions it is necessary to have in the laboratories systems that allow them to be carried out at medium or high pressures. Therefore, depending on the required pressure, there are various devices and reactors. Generally, these devices are used to perform hydrogenation reactions. Normally, the most commonly used apparatus is the Parr shaker … Read more
How are liquid volumes measured in the laboratory? The most frequent case of measuring volumes in the laboratory arises when a certain amount of reaction solvent is needed, to prepare eluents in chromatography or to prepare solutions of a given concentration. There are different types of materials used for this purpose, which vary according to … Read more
General aspects The use of highly flammable or explosive substances or mixtures of substances is relatively common in organic chemistry laboratories. If proper precautions are taken nothing should happen, however, ignoring these aspects can be dangerous. As general guidelines, the following considerations may be taken into account: If a substance is known to be explosive … Read more
What is waste treatment and disposal? Wastes generated in an organic chemistry laboratory must be managed appropriately, according to their potential risk. There must be a waste collection plan in these facilities. Under no circumstances should they be discharged into drains or bins. The laboratory should be equipped with suitable containers for storage and subsequent … Read more
What is agitation, mixing and grinding? Most organic reactions require agitation, mixing and grinding due to various circumstances such as: To help dissolve one of the components. Proper mixing of the reagents when they are poured into the reaction. Mezclas de disolventes inmiscibles. Avoid the formation of lumps due to the appearance of precipitates. To … Read more
What is liquid-liquid extraction? Liquid-liquid extraction (abbreviated as extraction) is one of the most common basic operations in the organic chemistry laboratory and allows the isolation and purification of a product resulting from a chemical reaction. Extraction can be defined as the transfer of a substance X from a liquid phase A to another liquid … Read more
What is centrifugation ? Centrifugation is a technique for the separation, by high-speed sample rotation, of solids suspended in a liquid (or liquids of different densities). The solids are contained in special centrifuge test tubes or in plastic containers (e.g. Eppendorf tubes). By means of a rotation at very high speeds (where the centrifugal force … Read more
What are vacuum and pressure equipments? Vacuum and pressure equipments are essential for laboratory experiments. This is because in order to perform a number of tasks, vacuum systems are required and commonly used in chemistry labs for various purposes. Vacuum equipment includes devices such as vacuum pumps, vacuum ovens, and vacuum desiccators. These devices are used … Read more
Laboratory tools are manufactured with the following main materials detailed below: Glass Historically, the laboratory has been made primarily with glass. The glass that makes up the majority of the material in the laboratory is of the type borosilicate as in its manufacturing process are added to the silica certain quantities of oxide of boron … Read more
