Welcome to the Named Reactions category, where we explore the significant transformations in organic chemistry that bear the names of renowned chemists. Dive into the rich history and fundamental mechanisms behind reactions such as the Grignard reaction, Diels-Alder reaction, and Heck reaction, among others. Uncover the applications, limitations, and synthetic utility of these named reactions in organic synthesis. Discover how these reactions have shaped the field of organic chemistry and continue to inspire innovation. Embark on a journey through the world of named reactions and unlock the secrets of their chemical transformations.
What is Thorpe-Ziegler method? The Thorpe-Ziegler method, also known as the Ziegler method, is a process for the synthesis of macrocyclic ketones by the cyclization of dinitriles in the presence of an ether-soluble metal alkylanilide and a dialkyl ether solvent. The resulting imino-nitrile is then hydrolyzed to yield the desired macrocyclic ketone. The reaction yield … Read more
What is von Richter rearrangement? The von Richter rearrangement, also known as the von Richter reaction, involves the carboxylation of para– or meta-substituted aromatic nitro compounds with cyanate at temperatures ranging from 120-270 °C. In the von Richter rearrangement, the carboxyl group enters with cine substitution in a position ortho to the eliminated nitro group, … Read more
What is Buchwald-Hartwig amination? The Buchwald-Hartwig amination reaction is a method for producing arylamine products. It involves reacting aryl halides with secondary amines in the presence of a silylamide base and tri-o-tolyphopshine palladium complexes. The resulting reaction yields the desired arylamine products. X = Br, I, OTf R = o-alkyl, p-alkyl, CN, C(O)Ph, C(O)NEt2 (see … Read more
What is Castro-Stephens coupling? The Castro-Stephens coupling reaction is a method for synthesizing diarylacetylenes. This involves treating aryl iodides with cuprous acetylides in pyridine under a nitrogen, N2, atmosphere. The reaction results in high yields of the desired product. Moreover, the reaction exclusively converts aryl iodides with ortho-nucleophilic substituents into the corresponding heterocycle. X = … Read more
What is Rosenmund-von Braun reaction The Rosenmund-von Braun reaction, also known as the Rosenmund-von Braun synthesis, involves the transformation of aryl halides into aromatic nitriles using cuprous cyanide, CuCN as a catalyst. References Rosenmund, K.W. and Struck, E. (1919), Das am Ringkohlenstoff gebundene Halogen und sein Ersatz durch andere Substituenten. I. Mitteilung: Ersatz des Halogens … Read more
What is Schiemann reaction? The Schiemann reaction, commonly referred to as the Balz-Schiemann reaction or Balz-Schiemann decomposition, is a widely used method discovered by Balz and Schiemann in 1927 for introducing a fluorine atom into aromatic rings. Schiemann reaction involves the conversion of aromatic amines to diazonium fluoroborates, which are then thermally decomposed to produce … Read more
What is Bamberger rearrangement? The Bamberger rearrangement, also known as the Bamberger reaction, involves an intermolecular rearrangement of N-phenylhydroxylamines in acidic aqueous solutions, leading to the production of the corresponding 4-aminophenols. The reaction was first described by Bamberger in 1894 and is thought to occur through a nucleophilic attack of a hydrosulfate ion on the … Read more
What is Bucherer reaction? Bucherer reaction , also known as Bucherer-Le Petit naphthol synthesis, or Bucherer-Le Petit naphthylamine synthesis, is the reversible formation of β-naphthylamine from β-naphthol and aqueous ammonium sulfite or bisulfite by means of intermediates formation of tetralonesulfonic and tetraloneiminosulfonic acids. References R. Le Petit, Bulletin de la Société Industrielle de Mulhouse 73, … Read more
What is Bucherer carbazole synthesis? The Bucherer carbazole synthesis is a chemical reaction that involves the formation of carbazoles from naphthols or naphthylamines, aryl hydrazines, and sodium bisulfite, NaHSO3. The reaction produces the desired carbazole products. References Bucherer, H.T. and Seyde, F. (1908), Über die Einwirkung schwefligsaurer Salze auf aromatische Amino- und Hydroxylverbindungen. [On the … Read more
What is Sugasawa reaction? The Sugasawa reaction is a chemical process that involves the acylation in the ortho position of anilines using nitriles in the presence of BCl3 and an auxiliary Lewis acid. X = 2nd Lewis acid References Aminohaloborane in organic synthesis. 1. Specific ortho substitution reaction of anilines Tsutomu Sugasawa, Tatsuo Toyoda, Makoto … Read more
