Welcome to our Lab category, a haven for scientific exploration and experimentation. Step into the world of hands-on discovery where theory meets practice. Unleash your curiosity as we delve into laboratory techniques, equipment, safety protocols, and experimental procedures. From conducting chemical analyses to synthesizing compounds, this category provides valuable insights and resources to enhance your laboratory skills. Immerse yourself in the exciting realm of scientific investigation and unlock the wonders of the lab today.
Objective The purpose of this experiment is to learn a series of basic techniques in an organic chemistry laboratory, such as: The use of reflux as a general technique to perform a hot reaction at the boiling temperature of a given solvent. Simple distillation as a procedure for the purification of liquid substances. The use … Read more
Objective Synthesize a fluorescent compound 7-hydroxy-4-methyl-coumarin (7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one) in a reaction carried out without solvent. Background Coumarins are natural products found in a wide variety of plants, including those used as traditional herbal medicines dating back to 1000 BC. Coumarins have been used for many practical applications, such as cosmetics, sunscreens, flavorings, laser dyes, pharmaceuticals and … Read more
Objective Study of recrystallization as a technique for purification and isolation of organic compounds in water and organic solvents, in this case we will use acetanilide and benzoic acid and as solvents water and hexane. Background To dissolve a solute in a solvent, the attractive solute-solvent interactions must be stronger than the intermolecular solute-solute and … Read more
What is the Fehling’s test? Hermann Von Fehling discovered in 1849 in a solution (also called reagent Fehling or Fehling’s solution) that could be used for the determination of reducing sugars. Being able to identify the presence of glucose or its derivatives (sucrose, fructose, etc.). It is called Fehling’s test or Fehling’s reaction. The chemical … Read more
Objective The purpose of this experiment is to obtain an organic polymer (polystyrene), and for the student to become familiar with the reactions of polymerization initiated by radicals (organic peroxides). Background Polystyrene is a polymer that can be prepared by a monomer addition process. The addition reaction is catalyzed by radicals, anions or cations, although … Read more
Objetives This experiment illustrates how to perform chemoselective reductions of 4-nitroacetophenone, a compound with two reducible groups (nitro and carbonyl), which depending on the reducing agents used can reduce one of them without having to protect the other. Background Chemoselectivity is the selective reactivity of a functional group in the presence of others. In the absence … Read more
Objective To learn how to prepare a liquid synthetic detergent, through the sulfonation of an aromatic ring. Background Detergents are surfactants (consisting of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic fragments), i.e. they greatly reduce the surface tension of water when used at very low concentrations. Detergents have a hydrophilic polar head, such as salts of carboxylic or sulfonic … Read more
Objective The objective of this practice is the realization of a Diels-Alder cycloaddition between a diene and an alkene to obtain a highly functionalized cyclohexene derivative. Background Diels-Alder reaction is one of the most remarkable chemical reactions discovered in the 20th century. The authors of this reaction won the Nobel Prize in 1950. It is … Read more
Objetives To perform a stereospecific synthesis, as well as to show the relevance of epoxides (oxacyclopropanes) as versatile intermediates in Organic Synthesis. Background In this experiment, trans-cyclohexane-1,2-diol is obtained from cyclohexene, prior to the transformation of the latter into trans-2-bromocyclohexanol by a stereoselective process (anti addition to a double bond), followed by the formation of … Read more
Organic synthesis is a branch of chemistry that focuses on the construction of complex organic molecules from simpler starting materials. In an advanced organic synthesis experimental course, students learn how to design and carry out experiments to synthesize a wide range of organic compounds. One of the key skills that students develop in an advanced … Read more
