Enter the realm of Organic Compounds, where the diverse and intricate world of carbon-based molecules awaits exploration. Immerse yourself in the study of organic chemistry, unraveling the structures, properties, and reactions of these fascinating compounds. Discover the vast array of functional groups, isomerism, and stereochemistry that define organic molecules. Explore the applications of organic compounds in various fields, including pharmaceuticals, polymers, and biochemistry. Unlock the secrets of this dynamic branch of chemistry and witness the wonders of organic compounds.
They have the general formula R-O-C≡N and R-N=C=O, respectively. The name is constructed from that of the hydrocarbon of equal number of carbons by prefixing the prefix cyanate (recommendation R-5.7.9.2) or the word isocyanate of, respectively (recommendation C-833.1). Return to the page naming mono-functional compounds. Video about the Nomenclature of Cyanates
They are characterized by having a -COOH (carboxyl) grouping. They are named with the prefix indicating the number of carbons followed by the ending –oic or –ic (recommendation C-401.1). When the -COOH group acts as a substituent, the name is constructed by starting the structure to which it is attached (ending in carboxylic), followed by … Read more
The azides are characterized by the -N3 grouping. The substitutive nomenclature is done by assigning the name of the corresponding group ending in azide. Alternatively, the radical-function nomenclature is obtained by adding the prefix azido– to the name of the group to which it is attached (recommendation C-941.1). Return to the page naming mono-functional compounds.
One or more halogen atoms are attached to an aromatic ring (recommendation C-102.1). The lowest ranking locators are chosen first and then sorted by substituent priority. E.g. it’s incorrect to name the third compound in the figure as 2-bromo-3-chloro-1-fluorobenzene. Return to the page naming mono-functional compounds. Video about the Nomenclature of aryl halides
Formally, amines can be considered to be derived from ammonia by substitution of one, two or three hydrogens by alkyl radicals. They are classified into primary amines, RNH2, secondary, RR’NH, and tertiary, RR’R “N (recommendation C-811.2). Primary amines Primary amines of general formula RNH2, can be named by two procedures: Substitutive nomenclature: the name is … Read more
Amides have the R-CO(NR’R”) grouping. There are three types of amides (primary, secondary and tertiary) (recommendation C-821.1). The most common are monoacylamides, which are named after the hydrocarbon with the same number of carbons followed by the –amide termination. If the nitrogen atom is attached to an alkyl group, the name of the radical is … Read more
Nomenclature of linear alkanes Linear alkanes are the simplest organic compounds from the structural point of view. They are formed by unbranched chains of carbon atoms, with their respective hydrogens, linked by single bonds. They are named by prefixing a Greek prefix indicating the number of carbons (see Table-A1 in the Appendix) with the suffix … Read more
Their structure is that of an acyl group attached to a halogen (R-COX; X=F, Cl, Br, I). They are named as the halide of the acyl group forming them (recommendation C-481.1). Return to the page naming mono-functional compounds. Video about the Nomenclature of Acid Halides
These are hydrocarbons containing at least one C=C double bond. They are named by changing the -ane termination of the corresponding alkane (IUPAC recommendation A-3.1) or cycloalkane (recommendation A-11.3) to -ene. The first term in the series is ethene, and its common name is ethylene (CH2=CH2). Common names such as allene (CH2=C=CH2) or isoprene (H2C=C(CH3)CH=CH2) … Read more
Aldehydes have the -CHO functional group (recommendation C-301.1). They are named from the hydrocarbon with the same number of carbon atoms ending in –al (recommendation C-301.2). When the -CHO group acts as a substituent, the prefix formyl or carbaldehyde is used (recommendations C-303.1 and C-304.1). The most common aldehydes retain a common name derived from … Read more
